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The application of digital design and concurrent engineering in motorcycle R & d

under the market economy, the competition between enterprises is becoming increasingly fierce. How to improve the competitiveness of enterprises is the key issue for the survival and development of enterprises. Among them, technological innovation and product innovation are the soul of enterprise survival. Modern enterprises have changed from "olive type" to "dumbbell type", and the research and development of new products is becoming more and more important in enterprises. Therefore, how to improve the independent research and development ability of new products of enterprises is particularly important, and the improvement of research and development ability is inseparable from the development and application of high-tech and the modern new product research and development environment. It is an urgent problem to establish a new product research and development environment based on information sharing for enterprise research and development institutions. Hongdu motorcycle Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of Hongdu group, is an old brand large state-owned enterprise integrating design and manufacturing in China's motorcycle industry. The first motorcycle in New China was born here. In order to take the initiative in the fierce market competition, we have adopted cad/cae/pdm and other computer technologies to establish an information sharing product R & D environment to improve the independent R & D ability of new products

I. Effect of motorcycle digital design

the traditional engineering design method is that designers use several different projection views on the drawings to represent the design model of a three-dimensional product. There are many artificial regulations, standards, symbols and text descriptions on the drawings. For a more complex component, several drawings are needed. However, the drawings are still full of various lines, symbols and marks. Then, the personnel of the process, production and management departments will be certified to read these drawings, understand the design intent, and imagine every detail of the design model through the description of different views. This work is very difficult and arduous. Since the establishment of China's motorcycle industry, due to the limitations of the traditional design methods based on two-dimensional design, such as manual drawing design, manual mechanical processing methods, the use of analog quantity transmission and long transmission routes, it has led to poor reproducibility and coordination of manufacturing. Especially in the process of developing new models, the phenomenon of rework is more obvious, which seriously affects the technological progress of enterprises. When using 3D CAD solid modeling software for product design, designers can directly carry out 3D design on the computer, and then they can see the real 3D model of the designed product on the screen. Therefore, this is a breakthrough in engineering design method, which fundamentally changes the traditional design method. It reflects a general trend in product design, that is, the more complex the shape and structure of product parts, the more frequent the changes, the more prominent the advantages of using 3D CAD solid modeling software for design. After the three-dimensional digital model of parts is established on the computer, engineers can easily carry out the design work of subsequent links on the computer, such as virtual assembly of components, general layout, motion simulation, interference inspection, NC machining programming and simulation, etc. Therefore, it lays a foundation for realizing computer integrated manufacturing and adopting a unified product information model in the whole production process under the guidance of concurrent engineering

the digital product definition of motorcycle parts is to use the three-dimensional modeling software system to carry out the three-dimensional modeling of parts. Its most prominent advantage is that it can establish the three-dimensional solid model of motorcycle parts, and conveniently check the interference and coordination of parts through virtual assembly on the computer; Accurate weight, balance and stress analysis; It is easy to extract its cross-section from the three-dimensional solid model, which is convenient for the programming of NC machining, and the three-dimensional decomposition diagram of the product is also easy to establish. The three-dimensional design results of all parts are the only authoritative data set, which can be used by all subsequent links. The two-dimensional drawings are generated according to three-dimensional digital simulation. The only basis for user review is 3D digital simulation and the corresponding generated 2D drawings. For NC machining, 3D wireframe and surface model data can be used

such a technical idea determines that the digital collaborative design platform should be application-oriented, and its core is the three-dimensional CAD technology supported by the collaborative design platform, which takes the CAD system as the first selection target. After the CAD system is determined, the corresponding hardware, system software, network system and other application software are configured according to the requirements of CAD software to form a relatively complete digital design system. In order to ensure the full use of 3D CAD design technology in the development, we must establish a relatively complete, advanced and practical collaborative design platform. Therefore, we chose PDM (Product Data Management) system

II. Structural characteristics of PDM system

PDM system engineering closely focuses on the establishment of an information sharing and product development environment. Based on the actual situation of the company, it fully considers the progressiveness, maturity, economy and scalability of the system, and protects the existing investment of our company as much as possible. The system running environment adopts the architecture based on "client/server", which organically connects the client, server, operating system, database, R & D tools and other system software and hardware to establish a complete and good running environment

1. The system hardware configuration

adopts IBM AIX system server and IBM, Dell part level graphics workstation Windows NT system client

2. The system software configuration

software adopts UGNX and Teamcenter engineering software of UGS company

3. The network topology of the system is shown in Figure 1

Figure 1 network topology of the system

III. application of PDM system

1 Establish an IPT project team

(1) IPT project team members

the members of the IPT project team are composed of personnel from departments such as structure, weight, analysis, cad/dpa (digital preassembly) support, etc. They are plenipotentiaries of all functional rooms and work in the same place

(2) roles and responsibilities of IPT project team

since concurrent product definition is a new work, in order to make everyone and everything have rules to follow, one of the main methods for the company to manage concurrent product definition is to have a set of clear definitions for each work and responsibility related to the project. The working process of concurrent product definition is based on clear communication between the company's functional departments and IPTS, as well as clear information exchange among members of the IPT project team. Therefore, their roles and functions must be clearly clarified, and each member of the project can be easily used. Its main roles and responsibilities are as follows:

· adopt the coordinated solution method in the continuous working environment in the whole work, rather than the meeting driven method

· complete the requirements analysis, design definition, manufacturing production and support services of the project required by IPT

· draw up plans and ensure that the quality reaches the expected goals

· apply some measure to evaluate the progress of the work, and make changes only after providing sufficient data

· support communication between cross functions through coordination

· make decisions on digital technology activities

· understand and use the optimized working method of concurrent product definition

· formulate personnel training requirements

(3) project organization

project organization is shown in Figure 2

Figure 2 project organization

2 Personnel training

personnel training is the key to the success or failure of the implementation and application of PDM system, so enterprises attach great importance to personnel training from the beginning. He has been trained in the basic knowledge of computer, 3D and 2D CAD for many times. One of the more effective methods is to conduct comprehensive training for the system administrators of the PDM system of Hongdu group through the members of the PDM project team, and then use these system administrators to train all relevant personnel in different roles and batches, so that all personnel of the enterprise can understand PDM, and formulate perfect operation manuals and corresponding standards, which are shared on the homepage of the company and the PDM system, It is used to guide users to better use PDM system

3. Design workflow

through the application of PDM system, the whole design collaborative environment is standardized and managed. On the one hand, the sharing of design resources, the allocation of design tasks, the top-down design based on wave and the bottom-up design based on assembly are carried out, and the whole design process is monitored in real time; On the other hand, complete the automatic filing and distribution of the design drawings of the R & D department through the approval and distribution process of drawings/documents. After the designer gets the task, open the data set file (UG file) of the required design. At this time, the system will call the three-dimensional and two-dimensional seed part defined by the system administrator based on the enterprise standard, and then start the generation of three-dimensional design or two-dimensional drawings

(1) establishment of product structure

according to the top-down collaborative design requirements, the top-level product design structure is constructed by the project team leader, and then the team leaders and designers at all levels complete the bottom-level product structure according to the product parts tasks assigned by the superior team leader. Finally, with the end of the work of designers at all levels, the whole product structure naturally forms. In the R & D department, the overall system can be decomposed into multi-level subsystems to build top-level BOM and hierarchical BOM respectively. The product structure is shown in Figure 3

Figure 3 product structure

(2) after the product structure (BOM) based design task allocation system

product structure is established, the project team leader (task dispatcher) will allocate the design tasks. First, select the parts that need to be assigned tasks, and create a new "design task distribution process"; After starting the process, the project team leader needs to designate a specific team leader or designer; They then receive the task in their respective task inboxes. As shown in Figure 4 and figure 5

Figure 4 task allocation based on product structure

Figure 5 designated personnel

(3) approval and distribution process

establish various standard processes in Teamcenter engineering system, so that the design and approval processes of all stages and departments of product/project development are carried out under the control of the system. According to the authority management of PDM, the leadership can query the ongoing and completed workflow in real time at any time to understand the progress of project research and development. All design and approval process operations are subject to authority control and recorded in the system, so as to distinguish responsibilities and personnel performance appraisal. The approval process template of the drawings of the R & D department in the process of the R & D department. See Table 1 and Figure 6

Table 1 template of approval process of drawing issuance of R & D department

Figure 6 template of approval process of drawing issuance of R & D department

in which after the completion of the process, the electronic signatures of each stage are automatically added to the drawing. Moreover, the approvers at each stage only have the function of viewing and cannot make any modifications

after the preliminary part design of a component is completed, the team leader will start the process. In the process of approval and distribution, if any problem is found at any later stage, one or more annotation files (*.jpg files) are directly generated under the parts through the annotation function of the system, and directly returned to the designer. After the design is modified, it is submitted again by the team leader, and the approval and distribution of the process continues until the final internal design is completed. The annotation file is shown in Figure 7

Figure 7 annotation file

(4) change management

first, the designer should propose a change according to the specific situation of the problem and the preliminary change scheme